The Galaxy class starship was designed with the ability to separate the saucer from the stardrive section, so that the “floating city” part of the ship could be left somewhere safe while the rest of the ship galavants off to do something risky. We see this happen precisely once, in the season one episode Arsenal of Freedom. We also see saucer separation deployed for a handful of tactical and or emergency uses (such as against the Borg in The Best of Both Worlds, or to escape the breaching warp core in Generations).
So, this seems like a useful ability to have, and the Enterprise is constantly being sent into dangerous situations. Why not use this ability more frequently?
I think the saucer separation ability was an example of theoretical thinking. The Galaxy class designers clearly intended a use for it. In dangerous times, the saucer would separate leaving the stardrive section free to act without it.
But, via practical real world experience, Starfleet learned that separating the saucer section was seldom worth it. It was too slow, where danger tends to occurred suddenly, and, even when there was extra time, Galaxy captains learnt the extra power generation of the saucer proved more useful than the decrease in mass. I doubt the War Galaxys from the Dominion War even had the ability and, if they did, it was only because it would take too much work to remove.
It’s possible that the saucer section worked better as a one-use ‘super-lifepod’ but the original plan of combining and transforming ships clearly didn’t pan out. Same thing seems to have happened with the Prometheus with Starfleet deciding the ‘wolf pack’ attack mode innovations, while effective, are better implemented via separate ships. Like we see a trio of Texas class ships doing to take down a Sovereign.
(There’s clearly some guy in the Starfleet bureau of ship design who keeps trying to make combining/separating ships happen and keeps getting disappointed when they don’t pan out in practice.)
In universe, I don’t know how useful saucer separation really was. Then again, I don’t really know how useful a floating city really was, either. It really showcased the hubris of the galaxy class design and the naivete of Starfleet at that point in time.
At the beginning of TNG, the Federation seemed very idyllic. That started to change with the introduction to the Borg, and was completely shattered with the Dominion War (remember the Jem’Hadar kamikaze pilots against a galaxy class, for example). At the end of the TNG era, you don’t really see many galaxy class ships flying around, but more ships that are more battle ready.
To your direct point about saucer separation, separating half the ship to leave vulnerable seemed like a bad idea. The saucer section (which had most of the population) didn’t really have a warp drive but it did have phasers. Still, it was susceptible to hit and run tactics while the lower portion was away.
Additionally, the saucer had most of the phaser array - that could be handy in a fight! Why leave that behind?
Lastly, you mentioned Generations. The saucer section couldn’t leave the lower section fast enough and was caught in the blast radius. The end result was the same as if traditional life boats were used - the destruction of the entire ship. In general, the separation procedure was slow. It made more sense to just take the saucer with you instead of wasting precious minutes in a separation procedure that could introduce the possibility of damage to the vessel before/after the time critical mission.
I’m not sure how useful saucer separation really was. Starfleet didn’t seem to think it was useful, either, as no other ship had that feature moving forward, and the one ship that was shown on screen to have it rarely used it.
Do we know if it is really used infrequently, or does it just happen that it is not used during the events pictured on screen? There is no dialog where a character claims that it is used infrequently?
Fair question, but given the sheer volume of notable things that happen to the Enterprise over the course of the show, it seems unlikely that an event serious enough to warrant saucer separation wouldn’t have been shown.
A lot of the focus here seems to be on the military utility, which is also how I suppose the separation feature was presented in the show.
But an obvious use case would probably have been less dramatic. Anytime two things needed to be done at the same time. Send the drive section to the more distant or dangerous location and keep the saucer where it’s safer, like running supplies or something for a planet.
Don’t know it would have been good TV though?! Perhaps if it was used as a plot device to put the ship in trouble?
That’s a fair point. The utility of the saucer as a separate craft doing different jobs is pretty limited though, which is another reason why we might not see it in day-to-day operations. There is only so much a 600m disc with no warp drive can accomplish on it’s own.
It’s the no warp thing that really limits its ability. The saucer can 1. limp back home. or 2. stay put while the rest of the ship does something risky and then hope they don’t have to resort to number 1.
I could see the saucer section being left in orbit to assist with evacuations while the stardrive section “goes for help” but even this seems like a bit situational.
It’s not just the lack of warp that presents a problem. It’s the lack of power generation. If I remember correctly, and I’ll admit I may be misremembering, but isn’t the bulk of the Ent-D’s energy generation done by the warp core as well? So if the saucer is separated, any heavy power use (i.e. the main phaser array, heavy transporter use, etc.) is going to require the saucer to eventually link back up to refresh it’s power reserves lest they end up in a Voyager power rationing situation.
Edit: This same point is what drives me crazy when I see the separated warp nacelles in DSC. If the ship loses power for any reason, the nacelles are going to float away which just adds to the list of problems to solve when getting the ship back under way. Also, if there’s a momentary power interruption to the beam emitters holding the nacelles in place, what’s to stop them from launching off like warp-powered torpedoes?
To your comments about the floating nacelles - what’s even supposed to be the point? I can’t imagine how having nacelles detached offers that much of an advantage.
I honestly do not know why they chose to do that. I can’t think of any advantage to it at all.
