Body weight exercises can build plenty of muscle. You only need specialized muscle targeting once you’re body building. For health body weight exercises are ideal, targeting individual muscles is not as useful to fitness as training many muscles in tandem for common movements.

They just smell nice, your skin is dead and you’re not retrieving anything from it. Just eat the fruits and veggies.

All you really need is the Nyquist frequency of human hearing to know. That’s a good breakdown for audiophiles I’m sure but it is broadly as simple as the Nyquist frequency.

Yes, all of that is obviously true between shirts, the question is about shirt color, which is almost entirely down to the pigments used in fabrication. In which case it is entirely due to the absorptivity, emissivity, reflectance, and opacity, of the pigment.

This isn’t an active area of debate, it’s an entirely empirical question or a hard modeling problem per shirt manufacturer. All of this is very solved science, and has become “an engineering problem”

The temperature of the shirt itself will have a majority of the impact on the heat transfer. Whether a given pigment is reflective in the ir is impossible to predict by eye, see below. Black shirts will warm you up more in general, though offer better protection against UV. You can however get special UV protective white colored shirts.

It depends on the absorptivity of the pigment at that given wavelength. Foil for example works because in ye infrared it is still reflective. Without an infrared camera and an infrared light it’s impossible to tell what the infrared absorptivity of a given shirt is by eye. The science articles are not giving the full picture.

If they have identical or close enough emissivity it is directly proportional to heat absorption, as given identical amounts of time in the sun and air flow, temperature will almost entirely depend in absorptivity, and emitted infrared is proportional to temperature^4.

Black bodies emit and absorb perfectly. These probably all have an emissivity that’s lower than a blackbody, and very close together, while absorptivity is related to the color of the shirt. So this test is actually fairly indicative.

That’s not ancap libertarianism nor effectively even mundane libertarianism, ultimately. In a practical sense that libertarianism is only opposed to strictly chattel slavery (at best! Get many libertarians behind closed doors they may not even go that far!), not things like debt slavery, wage slavery, company scrip, etc.

Because they ultimately don’t generally care about market freedom, they want the unrestricted power to be feudal lords of their polities.

Under the extremes of libertarianism the logic for why slavery would not happen isn’t that “it wouldn’t be allowed”, remember, they view a government system as bad, there’s not strictly a government to enforce a lack of slavery.

The extreme libertarian position is that the market will self regulate moral bads, so slavery would only be disallowed inasmuch as it was uneconomical to forcefully enslave people. This, under their reasoning, might be true because you’re under contract with a security company who keeps you from getting enslaved, among other services, and will actively go to corporate war to protect the sanctity of their contracts for fear of losing business in the future.

This is obviously a fantasy.

Libertarians generally have no qualms with slavery, not in a strict sense. Some libertarians certainly dislike it, but don’t have a strict philosophical backing for why it wouldn’t be allowed under true zero government systems.

legalization of slavery

I’m sorry but do you think private commerce had zero interest in the trade of flesh?

A government is not some magic special construct. Am authoritarian governance system is the same whether it’s enacted by something with a national moniker or a corporate one.

A study debunking the usage of llm in medicine has almost no impact on general machine learning applications in medicine. This is textbook concern trolling.

Correct, you shouldn’t use llm for this task.

Which is literally the point of the paper, because various techbros have been trying to claim that they are good at these tasks.

Oh we could certainly build an electric vehicle that lasted almost 100 years.

How many millions do you have to buy each unit? We’ll need all of them.

That’s true of our numbering system. It’s literally am identical base system, you just need to learn the numerals.

abcd where a is the 1000s place, b is the 100s place, c is the 10s place and d the 1s. In both systems you can immediately interpret any part of the number by looking at that place in the number.

For example in the first example you can parse it easily in any order, the number is 1993, read from top left to bottom right it is literally 90+3+1000+900. Or you can simply read it from BL to TR and it reads 1000+900+90+3.

This system makes sense in the context of saving expensive paper/parchment (as was often extremely valuable, many books have been cleared and written over to save paper throughout history)

never been proven

Don’t worry we can check the library of babel for the answer.

Or, it could be the periodicity of the lifecycle of a cool bug they like, or it could be just a random period from any huge number of celestial objects we have yet to categorize. I have a guess for which of these options it is, personally.

I mean I disagree about not sympathizing with folks somewhat trapped in a hostile software ecosystem, but surely “stand by your beliefs” is not unheard of.

Fire is much more complex than that. Fires appearance comes from:

• blackbody radiation, as you point out from smoke particles but also from gaseous components
• chemiluminescence, the chemical reaction itself emits light, and this is why fires can burn in different colors. In fact you can buy additives which are generally metals which make fires burn blue or green or red, etc.

Fire is an active chemical reaction. It’s a transition between often solid or liquid, sometimes gaseous, fuels, into gaseous products, all while undergoing a chemical reaction. It’s not a state of matter, states of matter concern the phase of equilibrium conditions, and fire is decidedly not in equilibrium.

In futos case the problem isn’t that their license doesn’t meet the OSI’s definition of open source, but that the license is just garbage, like their non modification clause or their litigation clause.

Radiation related effects among workers was not high. Additionally, radiation workers do accept higher risk of dose due to direct financial benefit. A few workers received clinical doses of radiation, while the vast majority received much less than the alara linear no threshold exposure limits. You are at greater risk increase in general from things like working in a grocery store, or working a construction site, or any other industrial plant, than really any nuclear worker has of radiation poisoning. It’s hilariously dishonest and misinformed with how paranoid folks are about radiation. Hilariously radiation workers generally receive less dose than the general public because they work in buildings with large amounts of voicers, metal, and incidental shielding!

The general public around fukushima is more likely to get cancer from red meat than they are from the fukushima event.

Regardless, fukushima and Chernobyl are entirely incomparable.