The French Wars of Religion (1562-1598) were a series of eight conflicts between Protestant and Catholic factions in France lasting 36 years, The fighting ended in 1598 when Henry of Navarre, who had converted to Catholicism in 1593, was proclaimed Henry IV of France and issued the Edict of Nantes, which granted substantial rights and freedoms to the Huguenots. However, Catholics continued to have a hostile opinion of Protestants in general and of Henry, and his assassination in 1610 triggered a fresh round of Huguenot rebellions in the 1620s.

Tensions had been rising between Protestants and Catholics since 1534 but the religious and political situation worsened after Henry II (r. 1547-1559) died from an injury. His son, Francois II (Francis II, r. 1559-1560), crowned king at the age of 15, had been married to Mary, Queen of Scots (l. 1542-1587) who was the niece of Francis, Duke of Guise (l. 1519-1563) and his brother Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine (l. 1524-1574). Although Francis II was of age to rule on his own, his mother, Catherine de ‘Medici (l. 1519-1589) encouraged the Guise brothers to assume control as Francis II was inexperienced and sickly.

The House of Guise, devoutly Catholic, then exercised the power behind the throne and were hostile to the efforts of the Huguenots (French Protestants) who were advancing their vision in France. In March 1560, a group of Huguenots tried to kidnap Francis II to remove him from the influence of the Guise brothers. The plot, known as the Amboise Conspiracy, was discovered and anyone thought to be involved, as well as over 1,000 other Huguenots, were executed. In retaliation, Huguenots began vandalizing Catholic churches and rising tensions led to the Massacre of Vassy in March of 1562, in which Catholics killed more Protestants, starting the first war.

Conflict continued, with periods of armed peace between hostilities, until 1598 when King Henry IV, recognizing that France would never accept a Protestant king, converted to Catholicism (allegedly, with the famous line, “Paris is well worth a Mass”). His Edict of Nantes (1598), granting rights to Protestants in France while maintaining Catholic sovereignty, ended the French Wars of Religion (which had cost approximately 4 million lives) but did not address the underlying tensions which continued to erupt throughout the next century.

French Wars of Religion - World History Encyclopedia :france-cool:

French Wars of Religion - Comprehensive Documentary - Pike & Shot Channel :macron:

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  • AntiOutsideAktion [he/him]@hexbear.net
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    8 months ago

    Am I being overly dramatic or did my landlord commit fraud against me when I moved in and he said that the hallway bathroom would be shared between me and my other roommate, and he ends up using it too? Like leaving shit unflushed and taking 2 hour long baths in there?

    • AntiOutsideAktion [he/him]@hexbear.net
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      8 months ago

      I like Amazon as an employer more than I like living with this princeling landlord

      His buddy who got blackout drunk and threatened me moved out yesterday so he’s sad. And I had an open conflict with him so I guess he’s taking it out on me. He started his bath at 8:30 am today where I leave for work around 10. And last night he left a shit in the toilet he’s not lawfully(?) allowed to use.

      So this is fun.

      • tocopherol@lemmy.dbzer0.com
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        8 months ago

        That’s doesn’t seem too dramatic, that’s some bullshit. I don’t know what your lease situation is like or the laws there but there may be something you can do. Leaving shit in the toilet should be an imprisonable offense regardless of the class status.

    • Maoo [none/use name]@hexbear.net
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      8 months ago

      It’s probably fraud but unless it’s in writing it also probably wouldn’t be enough to get a good legal outcome.

      Sounds like your landlord is just a plain old bad person that you don’t deserve to have to be around let alone live with. It sounds like an okay outcome would be minimal contact and basic boundaries and consideration but they’re too much of an ass to do that and they are leveraging their power over your living situation to get away with it.

      I’m sorry you’re in that situation and I hope you can find a better one soon.