Just for clarification, because of the title, they’re talking about the upper basin of the Paraguay river:

As the map shows, and the article mentions later on, that basin is controlled by three governments (the republic of Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil).

That said: global warming-wise the situation here in South America is noticeably bad - summers are getting noticeably harsher and there’s something weird going on with the winds, as if they lost power. It reached a point that it affects humans, so of course it’ll affect amphibians, that are far more environment-sensitive.

Deforestation of that basin is also a big concern. It’s happening in territory controlled by each of the three governments - Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It’s mostly about cattle - either grazing lands or soya to feed the cattle. And perhaps not surprisingly not to attend the internal markets, but to export it to lands controlled by governments that won’t need to deal with the environmental impact.